Towards Hattin Raymond III, Count of Tripoli

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ruins of crusaders castle @ tiberias


sibylla s supporters ignored barons opposition , patriarch heraclius crowned before end of september. put crown on guy s head , patriarch anointed him. in reference raymond s betrayal, ridefort proudly declared crown worth marriage of botrun”, according estoire de eracles. learning of coronation, raymond , supporters decided elect sibylla s half-sister, isabella, , husband, humphrey iv of toron, king. humphrey—who châtillon s stepson—secretly left nablus jerusalem , did homage guy, because did not want stir civil war. barons followed humphrey s example , swore fealty royal couple before end of october. after former partisans abandoned him, raymond returned tiberias, without doing homage sibylla , guy.


guy accused raymond of betrayal , invaded galilee in october. king demanded account period of raymond s regency, raymond answered had spent royal income on state administration. raymond decided resist , sought assistance saladin. sultan sent troops tiberias, forcing guy withdraw. saladin offered raymond make him independent king franks 1 , , according ibn al-athir s report. arnold of lübeck wrote raymond pledged allow saladin s army invade kingdom across galilee in exchange sultan s assistance seize throne.


lewis proposes occitan trubadour, peire vidal, visited raymond s court in tiberias around time of conflict between raymond , royal couple. raymond provided patronage vidal dedicated eulogy him in 1 of poems. lewis says around time raymond offered appoint member of house of toulouse heir provided willing settle in county of tripoli. raymond s offer recorded in version of late source, lignages d outremer, story may have been invented author.



but upon tripoli rely

because whereas other barons

chase away glory, retains it

and not let depart him




saladin decided launch full-scale invasion against kingdom , started mustering forces whole empire in 1187. barons of realm convinced guy seek reconciliation raymond. masters of 2 military orders, joscius, archbishop of tyre, raynald of sidon , balian of ibelin appointed start negotiations raymond in tiberias. saladin s son, al-afdal, sent muzaffar al-din, lord of harenc , edessa, make raid against kingdom. in accordance treaty saladin, raymond allowed syrian troops free entry galilee. after al-afdal began raiding region of nazareth, masters of military orders, gerard of ridefort , roger des moulins, attacked invaders although enemy forces extremely outnumbered retinue. raiders annihilated crusaders @ springs of cresson on 1 may. ridefort , 3 knights escape battlefield. estoire de eracles blamed ridefort catastrophe, emphasizing raymond s envoys had warned him not attack large syrian army. invaders rode syria across galilee, displaying severed heads of crusaders had been killed in battle on points of lances.


balian of ibelin , archbishops of tyre , nazareth arrived @ tiberias following day. ernoul—who present ibelin s squire—wrote news crusaders catastrophe came shock raymond. agreed homage guy. expelled muslim garrison had been stationing in tiberias since made alliance saladin. according ali ibn al-athir, raymond agreed come terms king after vassals threatened him disobedience, , prelates announced ready excommunicate him , declare marriage void. raymond , king met near jerusalem, @ fort st job, held hospitallers. after both dismounted, raymond did homage king on knees. guy lifted him , expressed regret irregular coronation, according ernoul.








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