Types of deception False advertising

1 types of deception

1.1 photo retouching
1.2 omitting information
1.3 hidden fees , surcharges
1.4 manipulation of measurement units , standards
1.5 fillers , oversized packaging
1.6 misleading health claims

types of deception
photo retouching

often used in cosmetic , weight loss commercials. these adverts portray false , unobtainable results consumer , give false impression of product s true capabilities. if retouching not discovered or fixed company can @ competitive advantage consumers purchasing seemingly more effective product, leaving competitors @ loss.

advertisers weight loss products may employ athletes recovering injuries before , after demonstrations.

omitting information

an ad may omit or skim on important information. ad s claims may technically true, ad not include information reasonable person consider relevant. example, tv advertisements prescription drugs may technically fulfil regulatory requirement displaying side-effects in small font @ end of ad, or have speed-talker list them. practice prevalent in united states in recent past.

hidden fees , surcharges

hidden fees can way companies trick unwary consumer paying excess fees (for example tax, shipping fees, insurance etc.) on product advertised @ specific price way increase profit without raising price on actual item.

a common form of hidden fees , surcharges “fine print” in advertising. way hide fees commonly used not include “shipping fees” price of goods online. makes item cheaper once shipping cost added.

manipulation of measurement units , standards

manipulation of measurement units , standards can described seller deceiving customers informing them facts either not true or using standard or standards wouldn’t used or understood results in customer being misinformed or confused.

fillers , oversized packaging

some products sold fillers, increase legal weight of product costs producer little compared consumer thinks or buying. food example of this, meat injected broth or brine (up 15%), or tv dinners filled gravy or other sauce instead of meat. malt , ham have been used filler in peanut butter. there non-meat fillers may starchy in makeup; high in carbohydrate , low in nutritional value. 1 example known cereal binder , contains combination of flours , oatmeal.

some products may have large container of space empty, leading consumer believe total amount of food greater is.

misleading health claims

the words “diet, low fat, sugar-free, healthy , you” labels may see every day , associate these labels products aid healthy lifestyle. seems advertisers aware of needs live longer , live adapting products in accordance this. suggested food advertising influences consumer preferences , shopping habits. therefore, highlighting contents or ingredients misleading consumers thinking buying healthy when in fact not.

many large food companies going court after using misleading tactics these:

using tick panel above nutritional label , using large, bold font , brighter colors.
highlighting 1 healthy ingredient on front of packet big tick next it.
using words healthy , natural weasel claims – words contradict claims may follow it. these commonly used words meaning can overlooked consumers.
using words on product labeling, misleading consumers thinking ‘will’ help.

however, not case. there has been increase in number of large organizations going court on misleading claims, stating products ‘school canteen approved’ or ‘all natural,’ hence claiming products healthy or uses natural ingredients, not case.